How the Grade of a Sudoku Puzzle is Determined

1. Number of Given Clues

One of the first indicators is the number of pre-filled numbers (givens). Fewer givens usually means higher difficulty, but not always.

  • Easy puzzles often have 30-35 givens.
  • Moderate puzzles often have 25-30 givens.
  • Hard puzzles may have 22-24 givens.
  • Extreme puzzles can have as few as 17 givens.

2. Logical Depth and Steps Required

If a puzzle can be solved with basic scanning and single-candidate steps, it is easy. Advanced deductions push the grade higher.

3. Use of Advanced Techniques

Higher-grade puzzles may require X-Wing, Swordfish, and chaining techniques.

4. Branching and Trial-and-Error Factor

Well-designed Sudoku should be solvable without guessing. Puzzles that force deep branching are typically high-grade.

5. Computer Algorithm Testing

Many grading systems use solvers to detect the hardest required technique and assign the grade accordingly.